La Traviata :: essays research papers

La Traviata A Commentary The film â€Å"La Triviata† displayed a fundamental romantic attack on conventional bourgeois morals, arguing that a good heart is more important than social acceptance, that the distinctions which split the beau monde (socially elite) from the demimonde (courtesans) are harsh and hypocritical, and that true love must triumph over all. Alfredo’s father destroyed this relationship when he pays visit to Violetta and request she break off the relationship with his son. Alfredo’s sister is engaged to be married, but if word of his affair with Violetta were to get out, the engagement would be terminated. During this time even the most respectful families would not even want to associate with another family in which one of the members was entangled with such a sinful person. This demonstrates that marriage is viewed as a business arrangement put together by families, rather than by the love between two people. Like the characters in the film, women in the 19th century didn’t have many choices in life. They were expected to get married and be supported by a husband. For those few who didn’t sometimes became prostitutes or if they were lucky, courtesans. Any woman who slept with a man before marriage was thought to be â€Å"ruined† (unfit to wed), and should be shunned as a social outcast. For many such women prostitution was a means of survival. Violetta represents the extent of female independence in the 19th century. She uses men to ‘survive’ by accepting gifts and money, but she is not trapped in the legal repression of marriage. Violetta’s life is filled with parties and wealthy male companions provide her with far more excitement in life than would the traditional role of marriage. However, Violetta’s choice is misleading, for she knows that a woman in this time can’t go against tradition without facing severe repercussions. Contradictions and hypocrisy was prevalent between the lives and values of the bourgeois gentlemen. Prostitution and gambling were extremely popular and widespread, at the same time they were being publically condemned. Men were expected to have mistresses whom they supported financially; but they were expected to conceal that fact, and they were expected not to fall in love with them.

The Beattles

In June of 1956, John Lennon met Paul McCartney for the first time. Nobody ever dreamed that John and Paul would have the success that they had. John Lennon and Paul McCartney along with George Harrison and Richard Starkey (Ringo Starr) became known as the greatest and the most influential rock musicians in the world. The Beatles, whose music has been played by prestigious symphonies around the world and has been sung by renowned singers such as Frank Sinatra and Tony Bennett, were a vibrant moving force of the 1960’s; they permanently changed the course of music and soundly influenced the lives of future generations. To get an idea of how much the Beatles helped shape the following generations’ lifestyles, one must look at the lifestyle and the music before the Beatles. The music the Beatles played, â€Å"Rock and Roll,† had already established itself as a popular form of music to American teenagers. Derived from the black’s â€Å"Rhythm and Blues,† rock and roll was made popular by performers such as Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, and Bill Haley. Though rock and roll had been around for about ten years before the Beatles became famous, it was still a relatively new form of music that had plenty of potential. The Beatles were elevated from obscurity by utilizing the music’s potential. The lifestyle of the fifties was slowly changing. The American public was beginning to accept the possibility of a â€Å"working class hero†. Films such as â€Å"Saturday Night and Sunday Morning† and â€Å"The Loneliness of the Long-Distance Runner,† which portrayed working class protagonists, became overnight successes. The Beatles, who were definitely working class, were the ultimate rags to riches story. As the fifties drew to a close, the Beatles were on a path that forever changed history. The Beatles’ success was not immediate. In 1960 the Beatles, who consisted of John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Stuart Sutcliffe (guitarist), and Pete Best (drummer), made their first trip to Hamburg, Germany. Although the trip wasn’t a success, the second trip to Hamburg as a backing group to Tony Sheridan was more successful. The Beatles returned home in June of 1961 and found that more and more people would come to see their performances. Though popular and drawing large audiences, the Beatles were refused by Decca, Pye, Columbia, HMV, and EMI, all prominent recording companies. The emergence of the Beatles’ popularity can be traced to the help of two people: the determination of Brian Epstein, their manager, and the foresight of George Martin, their producer. Brian Epstein, a record store owner, was a novice at the manager business. Through his raw determination, he was able to meet up with George Martin. George knew the record business, and he pulled some strings to let the Beatles record. Their first release, â€Å"Love Me Do,† only reached the number seventeen position on the charts; however, that was the start of an illustrated career for John, Paul, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, who replaced Pete Best as drummer in August of 1962. Beatlemania was the term that described the hysteria resulting from the Beatles’ rise. The Beatles were breaking attendance records all over Europe. Following every performance were reports of girls that had become injured in their attempts just to see the boys. By the end of 1963, the Beatles had five songs that had reached number one in Britain. Looking for new directions to expand, the Beatles looked across the ocean to America. When the Beatles touched down in New York in February 1964, they knew they had come to the right place as ten thousand screaming fans fought to see them. During the Beatles stay in Manhattan, at least a dozen girls were injured trying to catch sight of the boys. During their concerts, there was so much noise that the audience drowned out the performers. Any movement by an individual Beatle would cause added screaming by rows and rows of young females. This kind of reaction would plague the group at any performance they did. The Beatles popularity became the point of many debates. At one point in August 1966, John claimed that the Beatles were even more popular than Jesus. Though he apologized for it later, he was correct in analyzing their popularity. It seemed as if anything the Beatles said or did would affect the whole society. One major effect that they had on society was the drug influence of their music. Taking drugs became the â€Å"in† thing to do. The press went into an uproar when they found out the initials to the Beatles’ â€Å"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds† was LSD, a popular but addicting drug. Another song, â€Å"Day in the Life,† was banned by the BBC and some United States radio stations because of alleged drug allusions. Drugs were becoming a way of life for many teenagers. In late 1966, the Beatles decided that they would do no more concerts. Many thought that this would lead to a drop in their popularity. The media was soon proved wrong when their next album, â€Å"Sergeant Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band,† became an instant hit. Anything the Beatles touched turned to gold. John Lennon’s first book, In His Own Write, was a million seller. The Beatles could do nothing that wouldn’t sell. As time went on, however, the Beatles began to pursue their own individual tastes. When Brian Epstein committed suicide in August of 1967, the Beatles began their long decline. The Beatles began to rot from within. The TV film, â€Å"Magical Mystery Tour,† was a complete failure. George Harrison took studying in India very seriously. John’s marriage to Cynthia broke down, and he began to see Yoko Ono. All four started to do musical work without the other three. They were having serious financial trouble with their own recording company, Apple Records. By 1969, the Beatles were in deep trouble. It came as only a mild surprise to most people when Paul McCartney decided to quit the group in April of 1970. Paul claimed personal differences existed with John and with Allen Klein, their financial advisor. Though at first the split was claimed as temporary, the world began to understand that the Beatles would never exist anymore. When asked just what he was going to do now that he was breaking from the group, he replied: â€Å"My only plan is to grow up. † By 1970 though, the Beatles had already made a huge impact on society. A revolutionary group responsible for bombing three business buildings called themselves â€Å"Revolutionary Force 9† which was derived from â€Å"Revolution Number 9,† an eight-minute collage of noises from the Beatles’ White Album. Another influence was in the youth churches where a yellow submarine was made a symbol of love. The yellow submarine, from a movie and a song of that name, was described as a ‘a place where they loved each other in a groovy way and got strength to do battle with the Blue Meanies. It also shows that a church has to have flexibility and maneuverability. ’ Though the Beatles were gone, their influence remained. The Beatles have influenced people in ways never dreamed of. Their music was even blamed for the Charles Manson murders in Southern California. Their style of music changed the way the music industry had worked; most groups now perform their own original material, which was very uncommon in the late fifties and early sixties. The Beatles’ constant preaching of love has changed a whole generation’s thinking, and may have helped to bring an end to the Vietnam War. Their drug taking and radical approach to life has caused some people to take the Beatles’ philosophy wrongly and to think that some terrorist activity was acceptable. Others have taken what the Beatles said as gospel and formed new religions. However people reacted to the Beatles didn’t matter; it was just significant that people were reacting, and therefore were being influenced in some manner by the Beatles. The Beatles, the greatest rock band ever to exist, does not record as a group anymore, but their influences will continue for years as the youth of each generation listens to the music that changed the world. â€Å"Hey Jude† â€Å"Hey Jude† is such a monumental favorite, I am almost dissuaded from touching it because of the pressure to say something profound. It is such a good illustration of two compositional lessons: how to fill a time with simple means, and how to use diverse elements such as harmony and orchestration to articulate form and contrast. I think that the fact that the song was written by Paul McCartney to Julian Lennon during the breakup of John and Julia’s mom, Cynthia, adds a new dimension to the appreciation of it but, as have been observed with respect to the fact of John’s having written â€Å"Julia† in honor of his own mother, the effect that each song has upon someone would be hardly diminished if for some reason were to remain oblivious to the biographical background of either. For me, the main message here is to be found in the first half, the imperative to now pursue one’s destined love the minute either you have found him/her, or he/she has found you. I do believe that once you internalize that much, the transcendent, blissful joy of the second half falls right into place. â€Å"Yesterday† This song is so well established in the pop-cultural subconscious that it is difficult to relate to it objectively, no less say something new and insightful about it. As is often the case with the over-exposed war horses of any artsy genre, whether or not you like this song, there is some good reason why it became so over-exposed in the first place. It is a fine piece of work with something going for it in virtually every detail. By the same token, one should not be fooled by whatever unique and interesting factors surrounding the song’s history and production into thinking of it as more unique and different than it is. Especially if you can step around the self-pitying lyrics for a moment (Paul possibly taking a lesson from George, for a change) you will find this song to actually lie along the same compositional and moody lines of the other hymn or anthem-like ballads which so vividly characterize some of Paul’s highest achievements. Love Me Do† Granted, by itself, â€Å"Love Me Do† is hardly the blockbuster of which legendary careers are made. In fact, it is tempting at first blush to dismiss this one as too simple and even unappealing. After all, we have what must be very nearly the skimpiest Lennon/McCartney lyric ever, but just beneath the surface, you find not also that certain bristling intensity in their voices, but also a great deal of stylistically prophetic, especially i n regards to the phrasing, the vocal harmonies, and the modal melody. The most intriguing aspect to this intuitive innovation of the early Beatles is the question of how much of it was motivated by intentional originality and how much a by-product of less-than-entirely-adept emulation of their derivative influences. It is quite a serious question, the answer to which has nothing to do with the relative merit of the final product itself.

Creating A New Cyber Force - 1182 Words

1. Today, there is a new battlefield domain where a keyboard and mouse are the new weapons of conflict. With land, sea, air and space in the background, warfare has entered a fifth domain: cyber. In this position paper, using a pro and con format, the debate on whether or not the Department of Defense (DoD) should create a new, independent branch for cyber will be discussed. To do this, the following will examine both sides of debate by highlighting two main points: the elimination of duplication of effort and the intensive resources required to make the transition. Finally, a look into a larger talent pool will be explored to highlight the largest benefit of creating a new Cyber Force. It is this paper’s stance that the DoD should create a separate structure in order to meet the new domain’s unique demands. 2. To better understand this topic, a brief background on cyber warrants a closer look. President Obama concluded as early as 2009 that the nation’s digital infrastructure of networks and computers that we depend on should be treated as a strategic national asset.1 With the former head of security at Microsoft acting as the cybersecurity tsar for the White House and General Keith Alexander, Director of the National Security Agency (NSA), leading Cyber Command (CYBERCOM), the protection of the nation’s infrastructure is finally being treated like a national security priority.2 This shift brings with it a debate on how to structure the US assets to realize itsShow MoreRelatedCyber Crime And Cyber Criminals844 Words   |  4 Pages Cyber crime is defined as any crime that involves a computer and network. Individuals, businesses and government agencies around the world constantly face threats to their medical information, consumer data, as well as company trade information and military decisions. Cyber security specialists are professionals that are specifically trained to protect individuals and organizations from cyber crime, hackers and scammers. Cyber criminals cause chaos Cyber criminals take pride in creating chaosRead MoreBuilding And Maintain A Cyber Operations Force1394 Words   |  6 PagesStrategic Goals Build and maintain a cyber operations force: The Department of Defense requires personnel to be trained to the highest standards and have the highest quality technology available to them in order to operate effectively. To this end the Department of Defense initiated the Cyber Mission Force in 2013 (â€Å"Department of Defense Cyber Strategy,† 2015). The Cyber Mission Force is 133 cyber teams: 68 Cyber Protection teams focused on defending the network, 13 National Mission teams to defendRead MoreThe Enforcement Of Cyber Security Standards1456 Words   |  6 PagesThere is a new threat to the world, cyberspace. New technologies are being developed daily that threaten secure organizations. Attackers are able to take advantage of any vulnerability that they can find no matter the geological location. This threat poses risks to the economy, militaries, and governments around the world. The U.S. is at the forefront of the defense of cyber security, but with the endless number of c yber terrorists, the U.S. defense is not enough. Nations need to come together toRead MoreWorld War II ended in 1945, but America could not rest. â€Å"Serious discussion about reorganization700 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"Serious discussion about reorganization began in Congress and the military department in 1944 and aroused much public interest† (Trask 1997). Because the Air Force played such a large role, discussion of separating the Air Force from the Army Air Forces (AAF) began. A proposal was created to establish one department for the United States Armed Forces, combining all the military branches under one department. â€Å"On 19 December 1945, President Truman sent a message to Congress recommending a single departmentRead MoreCyber Warfare : The Threat Of The United State s National Security1313 Words   |  6 PagesCyber Warfare Warfare can be defined as engaging in war or conflict. There are many different categories of warfare. More commonly known types include guerilla warfare, land warfare, aerial warfare, and naval warfare. Although when war is mentioned many minds wander to these forms of warfare, there are others that are not always as obvious. A rapidly growing type of warfare is cyber warfare. Cyber warfare can be defined as attacks from other nations to tap in to or destroy any type of informationRead MoreCyber Deterrence And Its Impact On Western Europe1518 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Cyber Deterrence? Merriam-Webster defines deterrence as the act of making someone decide not to do something or the act of preventing a particular act or behavior from happening (Merriam-Webster, 2015) . This can be applied to the cyber realm in the sense that we need to deter terrorists, state actors and non-state actors from attempting attacks on U.S. networks. To understand how to apply cyber deterrence we have to look at past policies or theories on deterrence. Deterrence theory firstRead MoreCyber War : A New And Growing Realm Of Influence946 Words   |  4 Pagesways little imagined. Cyber, a broad term, means various things to many individuals throughout international communities. Cyber war, unlike the wars of the past, does not fit into current perceptions of war. Yet, a fifth warfighting domain known as cyberspace is a new and growing realm of influence. Various states have or are creating cyberspace units, warriors, strategies and conducting operations (both defensive and offensive). Only hints of what is and will become cyber war crosses the publicRead MoreComputer Security Breaches Are Caused By Vulnerabilities959 Words   |  4 PagesThe number of significant computer security breaches around the globe is continuously growing. Typically, at least once a month. a major news story is published about an extensive data breach or a company being hacked. Many organizations are being compromised by means of software vulnerabilities , distributed denial of service attacks, and in many cases their own employees. By the end of 2015 over 4.9 billion devices will be connected to the internet and any one of them could be susceptible to anRead MoreThree Types of Cyber War in Small Wars Journal by David Hollis1347 Words   |  6 PagesThere exist three types of cyber war. ITC regulatory framework, criminal law, and Law of Armed Conflict. The last one the Law of Armed Conflicts was applied to the Georgian case. This type of war was applied to Russia-Georgian conflict because of the actual hostile situation between two states that was led to the escalation and use of armed forces and dispute. Russia claims that its only intention was to â€Å"defend the lives and dignity of its citizens†, in South Ossetia and Georgia.Russia describesRead MoreModern Warfare : A Multi Threat Joint Environment1130 Words   |  5 Pagescomplexity of modern warfare makes a requirement to be able to fight in a multi-threat joint envi ronment to achieve desired effects in all domains and at all levels. The airpower, which encompasses elements operating in the Air, Maritime, Land and Cyber domains as well as Space, is one of the strongest drivers for domain integration. The airpower is the most capable means, complying to and fitted with the requirements to be a successful one in the modern Network-Centric Warfare, due to its unique

Projecft Motorcycles - 1195 Words

Assignment 2: Project Motorcycles BUS 375 Project Management May 8, 2015 Select one (1) of the types of project organization that would suit the development of the larger touring class motorcycles. Outline the process steps that your company would take in order to develop the motorcycle. Provide a rationale for the response. The type of project organization that would suit the development of the larger touring class motorcycles would be the project driven organization. According to Kerzner (2013)a project driven organization is a formally operated in its decision making along with highly specialized and disciplined team efforts in marketing, technical, operating personnel and customer involvement. According to Rider Magazine†¦show more content†¦In addition, making pricing and estimating easier with a defined structured work definition to exist with key decision points exist at he end of each life cycle phase so that incremental funding is available. As a result some crucial resources that you would need as a project manager to run the existing business interests at the same time that the business changes to the production of touring class motorcycles, would be additional manpower and raw material (Kerzner,2013) . Suggest the project management leadership style that is most conducive to overseeing the operation of the business growth plan. The project management leadership style that is most conducive to overseeing the operation of the business growth plan would be the democratic leadership style. As Kerzner (2013) has stated the democratic leadership style motivates workers to interact with one another and encourages decision-making either individually or with assistance from the project manager. This style is most effective when the team has the opportunity to develop a high sense of personal growth and job satisfaction. Furthermore, this style promotes team building because this project involves trial and error which the team will have to participate and give ideas for the manufacturing of this motorcycle to be successful. For example, Carlos Ghosn who is the President and Chief

The Harlem Renaissance Of The 1920s - 1557 Words

Hues are properties of light by which colors of objects are classified in reference to the spectrum. As people, we decide what hue is intriguing, how it makes us feel, and unfortunately how it makes us different. We are calmed by the blueness of water, and we are awakened by the yellowness of the sun. It was not until the evil intentions of slavery crossed mankind’s thoughts that hue became our downfall, our separator. White supremacy eroded the idea of equality, and darker hues began to symbolize worthlessness, inferiority, and ugliness. The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s evoked the idea of black consciousness and pride. It was a movement established to express black literature, art, music, and culture. Blacks began to wear their dark hue like a badge of honor. Art, literature, and music became the centerpieces of black expression and culture. Blacks began to see themselves as equals in their quest for status, fame, and acceptance from Whites. However, racism was still abu ndant, lynches still occurred, and Blacks were still just as inferior as before. To make matters worse, segregation still existed, but the color line was not only a separation of black and white; it became a separation of black and black. Artist associated with the Harlem Renaissance, such as Zora Neale Hurston, James Weldon Johnson, Claude McKay, and Jessie Fauset, often told stories of the â€Å"other† with the purpose of gaining the attention of white Americans. Their works expose the racialShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Harlem Renaissance and Its Societal Effects 1133 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Is the Harlem Renaissance, and What Effects Did It Have On Society? Harlem was like a great magnet for the Negro intellectual, pulling him from everywhere. Or perhaps the magnet was New York, but once in New York, he had to live in Harlem(Langston Hughes, The Big Sea). When one is describing a â€Å"fresh and brilliant portrait of African American art and culture in the 1920s (Rampersad, Arnold),† the Harlem Renaissance would be the most accurate assumption. The Harlem Renaissance proved to AmericaRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance, A Cultural Movement Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesAlly Johnson November 13, 2016 African American History Art, Music, Literature†¦Freedom. The Harlem Renaissance, a cultural movement that began in the 1920s and continued until the early 1930s, brought excitement and a new found freedom and voice to the African-Americans who had been silent and oppressed for far too long. â€Å"Centered on the Harlem district of New York City, the Harlem Renaissance was part of a nationwide urban revolution sparked by World War I. The cultural outburst, which followedRead MoreThe Critical Impacts Of The Harlem Renaissance1066 Words   |  5 Pageshistory is a creative balance between horrors endured and victories achieved, and so it was during the Harlem Renaissance. Although the Harlem Renaissance underlines the trouble of ethnic issue knowledgeable by African Americans all through the twentieth century. There were numerous critical impacts, for instance, artistic the growth. The Harlem Renaissance was an energetic affiliation amongst the 1920s where African Americans started composed and transported artistry and writing one of a cari ng to theirRead MoreHarlem Renaissance : The Cultural And Artistic Explosion745 Words   |  3 Pages Natalyn Rico Mr.Flores February 7, 2016 History IB Harlem Renaissance The Harlem Renaissance was the name given to the social, cultural and artistic explosion that took place in Harlem during the end of World War 1. The time of the 1920’s was a time of change for everyone. During the 1920’s, the Harlem Renaissance was the most influential movement where African Americans came together and created multiple things that was uniqueRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1513 Words   |  7 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chapter 1 Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Harlem Renaissance, an African American cultural movement of the 1920s and early 1930s that was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City. According to Wintz: The Harlem Renaissance was â€Å"variously known as the New Negro movement, the New Negro Renaissance, and the Negro Renaissance, the movement emerged toward the end of World War I in 1918, blossomed in the mid- to late 1920s, and then withered in the mid-1930sRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes1676 Words   |  7 PagesHarlem Renaissance with Langston Hughes The Harlem Renaissance brought about uniqueness amongst African Americans; everything was new. The visual art, the jazz music, fashion and literature took a cultural spin. During this time writer Langston Hughes seemed to outshine the rest with amazing works. The Harlem Renaissance brought about many great changes. It was a time for expressing the African American culture. It is variously known as the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Literary RenaissanceRead MoreThe Negative Impacts of the Harlem Renaissance1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe 1920s were a period or rapid growth and change in America. After World War I Americans were introduced to a lifestyle of lavishness they had never encountered before. It was a period of radical thought and ideas. It was in this time period that the idea of the Harlem Renaissance was born. The ideology behind the Harlem Renaissance was to create the image of the New Negro. The image of African-Americans changed from rural, uneducated peasants to urban, sophisticated, cosmopolites. LiteratureRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance By Langston Hughes1033 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1920, there was a new movement beginning called the Harlem Renaissance. After World War I, many blacks migrated from the south to up to the no rth to places like Chicago, Detroit and New York. The people in Harlem felt the racial pride and this caught the attention of many musicians, writers, and artist. The Harlem Renaissance period lasted from 1920 to around 1935. Even though this period was short, it still lives on though all African American artists today. According to Biography.com in theRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance Movement By Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes, And Ralph Waldo Ellison931 Words   |  4 PagesKnown as one the most impactful movements on African American arts, the Harlem Renaissance Movement represented a period of artistic and intellectual change that initiated a new identity on black culture. Often called the â€Å"New Negro† Era, the Harlem Renaissance opened doors for African American to express themselves in the form of visual arts, musical elements, and even performing arts during the 1920s. Due to this movement, Harlem became the city that â€Å"gave African Americans a physical cultural centerRead More The Harlem Renaissance Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe Harlem Renaissance In Harlem between the 1920’s and 1930’s the African American culture flourished, especially in areas such as music, art, literature, dance, and even in film. This soon became known as the Harlem Renaissance. With the entire positive and the negative situations of this time period the African Americans still seemed to have it all. The Harlem Renaissance came about because of the changes that had taken place in the African American community after the abolition of slavery

Measurement in Australian Public Companies

Question: Discuss about the Measurement in Australian Public Companies. Answer: Introduction This report aims to ascertain the importance and role of performance measurement in management control system. It focuses on how support control is meted out to the management systems through measurement of the performance. The performance of the organizational resources is evaluated to pursue organizational strategies. Thereby striving towards achievingstrategic objectives, competitive advantage(Mauboussin and Rappaport, 2015). Australias olive industry has solidly grown to be technically sophisticated from cottage industry with being more export oriented. With the passage of time, the Australian olive oil quality has shown a consistent improvement alongwith production efficiencies focusing on high quality and reasonable product, accessible worldwide. Australian Olive Oil Projects limited in one such company which is associated with growing and manufacture of olive oils variety from olive harvesting. The report will analyze the performance of the company towards the achievement of c orporate vision and goals(Fischer, Prinz, and Lotz, 2010). Role of Cost and Management Accounting in Australian agricultural projects limited Management Accounting helps the managers to utilize the provisions of financial information to familiarize themselves, prior deciding about the issues prevailing within the organization, which alleviates the management and control functions performance(Nixon and Burns, 2012). While cost accounting is apart of management accounting. It is a method of collection, record, classify and evaluate a preferable approach appertaining to cost efficiency as well as capability. It imparts exclusively cost information which the management requires for controlling the current operations and future planning(Moorthy and Yacob, 2013).The olive oil industry is prospering with advancing time as it is meeting up with its vision to achieve a feasible and cooperative olive oil which produces products of high quality for home and foreign markets(Alonso and Northcote, 2010). This business of Orchard was founded with an objective of development and management of quality projects of olive when significant amplification was experienced in Australian plantings. The company is listed on the Stock Exchange of Australia to cater the financial capacity to accomplish opportunities presented in dawning olive industry.The company aims to: Manufacture oil possessing traditional flavors, which are known and admissible in the market. Cultivation of trees with a potential of greater productivity capacity over traditional varieties. Every company has a stated vision, mission by which corporate goals are established. This is further classified into incorporating strategies to achieve the corporate goals. To accomplish greater organizational success, an efficient performance management system is to be established. Ways to Effective Management Following approaches shouldbe undertaken to an Effective management(Sidorov, 2014). Corporate strategy and individual goals should be aligned and well defined and conveyed throughout the company. Advancement of the goals is to be monitored, Performance of the individuals is to be evaluated with feedback Provide compensation by performance. If performance outstrips or meets the aspired standard, then they are gifted with reward. On the other hand, if the performance is adverse to the desired standard, then a development plan is evolved to fill the gap. It is crucial for the managers to be apprehensive about the progress of their employees about corporate goals. Steady assistance is to be meted out to its employees to strive for the targets when they are supposed to be missed (Adams, Lin, and Zou, 2011). Adequate monetary and nonmonetary rewards need to be availed to acknowledge success. Its crucial on the part of managers to review the productivity of its employees from time to time to track down the advancement in goal accomplishment. The olive oil company also undertakes various strategies to meet up with its objectives. It aims to improve its productivity alongwith profitability and management of environment throughout the stages of the supply chain(Kumar and Zattoni, 2015). Findings of the financial and non-financial performance of the company The chief executive officer of AAPL Paul Challis in his review on 30th September 2015 highlighted that 9,51,700 liter harvestation exceeded the expectation and is maintaining an upward trend in manufacture (Voopl.com.au, 2011). The company has bagged largest operating profit in the companies history with a record harvest thereby confirming companys decision to streamline its operations. Mr. Paul has stated their focus in the short term that includes balance sheet consolidation as the cash benefits arising from harvest sale are to be incorporated in the account. The company is proposing to a stretch of substantial harvest at one time while the world price is retracing to historically immense level as a result of diminishing levels of production in Europe. The company is intending to flow through the retail price over the years to come. AAPL has experienced an excess of operating cash flows for the year 2015 measuring $202, which is 189 less to 2014 operating cash flow exceeding $ 598 (Voopl.com.au, 2011). However structured debt informs of Commercial bills and hires purchase contract were streamlined by $ 3,76,708 against $2,10,099 in 2014. In past twelve months, the company has upgraded its business net financial position leading to increasing upto 3.32cents per share from .37 cents per share (Voopl.com.au, 2011). Source: (markets.ft.com) The chart above reflects a considerable upward trend in the performance of the company since 2014. Source: (www.voopl.com.au) The above summary chart reflects the financial performance of the company with an increase in net profit after tax in the year 2015 to be highly more than the previous years. An Executive compensation comprises of financial as well as nonfinancial rewards which are received by the executive regarding their service. This is typically a combination of salary, bonus, call options or shares of the company. This all takes into consideration the government regulations, executive and organization desires, tax law and rewards by performance(Heaney, Tawani, and Goodwin, 2010). Source: (markets.ft.com) According to the reports of Financial Times, one of the leading business news reflects the highest revenue in comparison to the previous yearsperformance. The charts emulate the operating margin to be up with 31.30% (Markets.ft.com, 2016). Similarly, its net profit, as well as operating margin, reveal an upward trend. Therefore companys report, as well as reports provided by business news, provides substantial evidence that AAPL is performing to the best of its capacity, with efficient utilization of all its resources. The company is striving positively towards the achievement of its organizational goals through its outstanding performance. Remuneration policy of AAPL Source: (voopl.com.au) The Board of Directors of Australian Agricultural Projects Limited appointed remuneration committee is subject to determine and review the remuneration policies for the executives and directors. The Remuneration Committee if required acquires independent advice on pertinent remuneration packages on the basis of existent trends in similar companies and objectives of a centralized entity. The company pursues remuneration principles devised to attract and retain qualified and professional candidates striving towards the accomplishment of strategic objectives, thereby achieving a wider result of value creation for shareholders. The remuneration structure highlights are based on the following: The experience and proficiency of key managerial personnel, The key managerial personnel competency to regulate the related segments performance, Consolidation of entity performance includes consolidation of entity earning, aiming to deliver constant returns to shareholders wealth in addition to share price growth. Remuneration of the executives is outlined by of employment agreements. The executive directors are more likely to receive compensation based on performance but do not draw any retirement benefits except statutory superannuation. The managerial personnel bag benefits as car allowances and the company provide fringe tax benefit on these perks. However, there were no remuneration transactions based on performance during the financial year 2014.Agricultural Projects Limited are seeking to provide Long Term Incentives(LTI) to their key managerial personnel. These incentives are aimed to provide options over and above ordinary shares to hook management personnel within the entity by their position. Management Control Theory MCS refers to Management Control System which assimilates and utilizes information and date to evaluate the performance of organizations resources like physical, human, and financial. This control system directs the behavior of the resources of the organization towards implementation of organization strategies. It is an incorporated technique aiming for collection and utilization of information towards motivation of employee behavior and performance evaluation. The control system inculcates many accounting techniques striving to evaluate the performance of activity based costing, balance scorecard, budgeting, just in time(JIT), Kaizen(continuous improvement), target costing, total quality management(Cosenz and Noto, 2015). The necessity for planning and having a control over the system is essential because the organization has its objectives to fulfill, which should be distinctive. The managers of the the company should be ambivalent towards their personal goals, along with formulati on of the entire plan to accomplish organizational objectives. The increase in productivity has always been recognized as a vital source of income improvement and output growth of farm sector in Australia. Agricultural productivity and growth in Australia are estimated by utilizing ex-post and ex-ante methods. By utilization of results we initially illustrate the productivity patterns and growth overtime. After that comparison of the approximated capital services and labor inputs to disclose the difference prevalent between the two methods. The company holds the prominent technical team and has an advanced capacity to institute projects of new olive groves, administer existing groves and grow into other markets. With the company focusing to achieve and maintain good health of its orchard along with emphasizing on incurring the minimal cost to the producer without adversely affecting the quality of the product. The recent data provided by the company in its financial report discloses commendable performance especially when it comes to the logistics relating to handling a record harvest. Therefore confirming that the company is positioned well to achieve the stated objectives. The company is forecasting good health of its agriculture and assessing a rejuvenating program of pruning. Also, the company is not planning to make any compelling capital expenditure over the coming twelve months. The company is looking forward to focusing its attention entirely on strengthening its balance sheet on a short term basis thereby conso lidating profits from the harvest of current year. The company will ingeminate that the companys future performance will be bound with the yearly harvest. The company further expects its harvest on the total average basis to advance in the medium term. The company continues to remain accessible to investment in agriculture that would aggregate skill base and the current asset. Companys ongoing success and projects viability are primarily linked the total value of its harvest. The two managed investment scheme projects are likely to have an initial term up to 2025 following which management and lease agreements might be renegotiated further. Conclusion Consolidated entity performance is taken into account while formulating comprehensive compensation of key managerial personnel, since its incorporation. This has resulted in the level of compensation remaining unchanged despite the ups and downs in the compensation levels caused because of appointment and resignation of key managerial personnel.Australian Agricultural Projects Limited are seeking to provide Long Term Incentives(LTI) to their key managerial personnel. These incentives are aimed to provide options over and above ordinary shares to hook management personnel within the entity by their position. The long-term incentives are being considered to bolster the continuance of employment and to equip additional incentives to the receiver. Subjecting to consent by the shareholders in the general meeting, the directors may be solely issued options. The company has brought in a policy that restrains the directors and the employees of the consolidated entity accessing transactions that are operating or planning to achieve a ceiling to the economic risk or are devised or intending to curb exposure to company securities that are unvested. References Adams, M., Lin, C. and Zou, H. (2011). Chief Executive Officer Incentives, Monitoring, and Corporate Risk Management: Evidence From Insurance Use.Journal of Risk and Insurance, p.no-no. Alonso, A. and Northcote, J. (2010). The development of olive tourism in Western Australia: a case study of an emerging tourism industry.International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(6), pp.696-708. Cosenz, F., and Noto, L. (2015). Combining system dynamics modelling and management control systems to support strategic learning processes in SMEs: a Dynamic Performance Management approach.Journal of Management Control, 26(2-3), pp.225-248. Fischer, M., Prinz, J. and Lotz, K. (2010). Obligatory attention to action goals.Journal of Vision, 5(8), pp.119-119. Heaney, R., Tawani, V. and Goodwin, J. (2010). Australian CEO Remuneration*.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy, 29(2), pp.109-127. Kumar, P. and Zattoni, A. (2015). Ownership Structure, Corporate Governance, and Firm Performance.Corporate Governance: An International Review, 23(6), pp.469-471. Markets.ft.com. (2016).Australian Agricultural Company Ltd, AAC:ASX financials - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/financials?s=AAC:ASX [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Markets.ft.com. (2016).Australian Agricultural Projects Ltd, AAP:ASX interactive chart - FT.com. [online] Available at: https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/charts?s=AAP:ASX [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016]. Mauboussin, M. and Rappaport, A. (2015). Transparent Corporate Objectives-A Win-Win for Investors and the Companies They Invest In.Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, 27(2), pp.28-33. Moorthy, K., and Yacob, P. (2013). Green Accounting: Cost Measures.Open Journal of Accounting, 02(01), pp.4-7. Nixon, B. and Burns, J. (2012). Strategic management accounting.Management Accounting Research, 23(4), pp.225-228. Sidorov, I. (2014). Synergy Of Corporate Structures And Internal Management.Business Strategies, (1), p.2. Stein, J. (2015). Editorial.Performance Measurement and Metrics, 16(3). Voopl.com.au,. (2011).Victoria Olive Oil Project. [online] Available at: https://voopl.com.au/webdata/files/2015%20Financial%20Statements%20-%20Aust%20Agricultural%20Projects%20(signed)(1).pdf [Accessed 7 Sep. 2016]. Voopl.com.au. (2011).Victoria Olive Oil Project. [online] Available at: https://www.voopl.com.au/ [Accessed 6 Sep. 2016].

Epidemiology Delivery Health Care Services â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Epidemiology Delivery Health Care Services? Answer: Introducation The purpose of the Evaluation Plan is to provide the Accountable Officer (ADG or DDG) with a detailed project plan identifying all resources, milestones and deliverables. It should build on the broad information from the Evaluation Proposal and detail how the evaluation will be managed to deliver the report on time and on budget. The Commonwealth of Australia provides welfare payment for those job seekers who have not yet got any job to make their living. With the welfare payment there are many people who are utilising this money to engage in drug abuse and hence the authority has decided to apply a drug trial to prevent the welfare payments being used as fund the drug addiction of the people getting the welfare. It is important to note that the program is implemented in order to make sure the welfare payments are used in the right way for the welfare of the job seekers in the country and help them develop their professional status (Taylor et al., 2013). (Select which is applicable. Include a description of the project/program/initiative and its objectives) Purpose of the Evaluation The purpose of the evaluation is to focus on implementing the drug test trial and understand the number of people who are addicted to drug abuse and pick them. After the evaluation being done the accountable officer will be able to decide whether the drug test trial have been able to succeed in picking the people who are addicted to drugs and using the welfare payments for drug abuse. Hence the evaluation will show the number of people testing positive with drugs which would help to put them in the rehabilitation and bring them back to mainstream life and encourage them to receive proper counselling and treatment (Luce and Elixhauser, 2012). (Why is the evaluation being done? i.e., what should the Accountable Officer be able to decide as a result of the evaluation?) Scope for the Evaluation The scope for evaluation of the project involves evaluating the drug and alcohol abuse of the young people who are out of job and are receiving welfare payment from the Government. Around 5000 people will be involved in the drug testing trial. The drug testing trial application would help to improve the possibilities of streamlining the service properly (Kris-Etherton et al., 2014).(What aspects of the project/program/initiative are to be evaluated?) Inclusions (What does the evaluation include?) Exclusions (What does the evaluation exclude?) The evaluation will include drug test trial for people living under welfare payments. This will not include everyone using drugs but only those who are living under welfare payment. The evaluation is mainly done to improve the welfare payment system. It will exclude any kind of study that is not related to drug trial of the people living under welfare payment. (Insert additional rows as necessary) Core Evaluation Questions (List the approved evaluation questions the evaluation should answer to aid decision-making.) In fulfilling the purposes of the evaluation, the following core questions were addressed: How many people from the given populace are addicted to drug and alcohol? Is the evaluation program effective enough to get suitable result? Does the time duration kept for the evaluation suitable for the study? Evaluation Stakeholders The stakeholder evaluation is an extremely important aspect in the evaluation program. Stakeholders are the people who are directly related to the positives and negatives of the process. The stakeholder evaluation is important as the important stakeholders involved with the procedure could be identified through this (Dusetzina et al., 2012). The key stakeholders in this present evaluation program are the government, the job seekers living under welfare payment, the organisation doing the drug test trials and the tax payers who contribute to the welfare department through their money paid in the form of tax. Finally the rehab partners are strong stakeholder who has a fair bit of work to do as the healthcare partner for the Government. These stakeholders are extremely important for the success of this evaluation program as all of them play an important role in the completion of the present evaluation program that is the drug test trial of the people living under welfare payments (Jones et al., 2013). The stakeholders are extremely important for the project and they have significant interest in this project of drug test trial. In a healthcare program like this there are number of key stakeholders who are involved in the program. Stakeholder evaluation helps in understanding for which groups of people the evaluation program is developed and how they are going to use the evaluation results. The stakeholders who are involved (List the key stakeholders the evaluation is designed for and how they will use the findingstt Audience (Who are the audiences for the information from the evaluation? e.g., students, teachers, management, staff, partners, etc.) How evaluation findings will be used (How can they apply new knowledge from the evaluation study?) Staffs of the Welfare payment department They will use the evaluation to manage the account of the people living under the welfare payment. Healthcare partners They are extremely important and will use the evaluation findings to strategise their overall healthcare intervention plan for the rehabilitation project. (Insert additional rows as necessary) Evaluation Management Structure The evaluation management structure will be very simple and effective which would help to get easy access to the different levels of the management during the evaluation procedure. The evaluation management structure will be simple hierarchical with the director on top and auditors and evaluators working under the different level management teams so that the results could be effectively communicated to the different levels of the evaluation team and could be used accordingly for the effective completion of the healthcare evaluation program. Hence it could be said that the key decision makers in the system are the director of the evaluation team and the other heads of the stakeholder groups (Oleske, 2014). (List the key decision makers responsible for the evaluation.) Reporting Requirements Date Report type Writer/s Audience The submission date of the report will be on the 1st of January 2020. (Specify the submission date of the report) Two different types of report will be submitted one a progress report that will be submitted at regular intervals within these two years and the other is the final evaluation report which would be completed by the end of two years. (Specify the report type, i.e., progress report, interim report, final report) The Accountable officer of the evaluation team. (Identify the officer/s writing the report) Welfare Payment Department.(Identify the stakeholder/ audience for the report, e.g., Minister, Policy and Performance Committee, Evaluation Steering Committee, external stakeholders, etc) Submission of the progress report every six months and the final report on 3rd January 2020. The progress reports and final report will be submitted. The Head of the Evaluation team. The Healthcare partners. Final report on 2nd January 2020 The final report will be sent. The Director of the Evaluation Team The Commonwealth Government. (Insert additional rows as necessary) Evaluation Framework The evaluation framework is an extremely important aspect for the successful completion of the evaluation program. The Evaluation framework is the basic blueprint of the study which helps in managing the evaluation and driving it towards achieving the deliverables of the evaluation program. The evaluation framework is important as it helps to highlight the rationale and design summary and the evaluation approach effectively which helps the evaluation. The main purpose of this evaluation program is to achieve the stated objectives and research questions involved with the evaluation that is to understand the impact of the drug trial and its results which would help the key stakeholders involved in the evaluation program to make sure they can use the results properly for their own good (Posavac, 2015). The evaluation framework involves planning which helps to effectively go about the job of evaluation effectively. In this case the planning is done where ultimately the time duration of t he project evaluation has been fixed, the sample populace has been fixed the clear strategies have been developed which would help to move about the project properly. The evaluation framework deals with the approach and the rationale of the project that has been taken to evaluate in order to understand its overall impact and whether it is effective enough to make the decision to continue the intervention strategy. In this case it is important to note that the evaluation program is focused on drug test trial which is mainly done to understand how people living under welfare system are misusing the money given to them. Hence it could be said that the study becomes extremely effective since it provides significant data which would help to make effective assumption and develop stronger strategy for rehabilitation and counselling of the job seekers and individuals addicted to alcohol and drugs (Brinkerhoff et al., 2012). This is one kind of health control program and hence it is importan t to move effectively with time to manage the program effectively in order to get the best possible result from the evaluation. The present evaluation will help to get long term information about drug abuse and alcohol addiction which would help to overhaul the welfare payment system and help to make the use of the fund effective and suitable for the youths. The effective evaluation findings will help to develop proper intervention and rehabilitation strategy for the youths involved in drug abuse and alcohol (Venable, Pries-Heje and Baskerville, 2012). The evaluation approach is an extremely important as it will help to move towards effective completion of the health evaluation program. There are several types of evaluation which are adopted by the evaluation team. This evaluation approach will mainly focus on using outcome evaluation approach which would help to make sure the outcome of the program is effective. The outcome evaluation of the drug test trial will help the authority to effectively understand the results of the evaluation and manage them effectively in the long run. The outcome of the evaluation helps to develop appropriate measures that will help to make changes in the health conditions, quality of life and behaviours. It will also focus on assessing the impact of the program on the participants. The appropriate measures include changes in awareness, knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and skills. The impact evaluation of the project will be developed with the help of the impact based accountability model which would h elp to develop a strong methodology and logic structure for the program (Brinkerhoff et al., 2012). It is important to note that in the present evaluation approach the evaluation will be done with the help of formative and summative evaluation technique which would help to develop better intervention strategies and accordingly. The formative techniques will help to get suitable insights from the entire evaluation and effectively manage the process and findings for the evaluation which is effective for the completion of the evaluation. The formative assessment will help to provide insights to the authorities and the other stakeholders that would help to make sure the long term objectives are met and the healthcare intervention strategies are developed properly. The evaluation will also be systematic and will take an opportunity to involve the participants effectively to make sure they are used to good effect in order to get the right kind of information from them regarding drug abuse and keep them under observation and continuously apply the trial on them to get progress report as well as the final drug test trial report effectively. Overall it could be said that the drug trial test will be effective for the evaluation team to get the desired outcomes to analyse the impact of the trial (Venable, Pries-Heje and Baskerville, 2012). (What framework will be used to guide the evaluation? If a Program Logic approach is used, insert the diagram or append as an Attachment. If another framework approach is to be used please insert diagram below.) Information and Collection (Detail the information and collection requirements below. Note: all information collected should link to the Core Evaluation Question/s to be addressed) Core evaluation question to address Information required Information sources Data collection and analysis How many people in the sample are addicted to drug and alcohol?(Specify The Core Evaluation Question/s to be addressed by the evaluation as listed in Section 2.3) Personal and drug addiction information.(List the subsets of information required to answer the Core Evaluation Questions) Sample populace chosen for the study. (What are sources for the information? E.g., from employees, clients, project/program/iniative documentation, etc.) Data collection will be done with qualitative depth interview and program observation. On the other hand analysis will be done with the help of thematic analysis.(What are the best methods to employ in data collection and analysis? E.g., questionnaires, interviews, examining documentation etc.) Is the evaluation effective enough? Information about the efficacy of the program evaluation. Regular progress reports Statistical analysis of the trends showed by the progress reports. Is the time duration of the study suitable? Information on visible changes through observation. Program observation Results and process evaluation (Venable, Pries-Heje and Baskerville, 2012). (Insert additional rows as necessary) Budget and Staff Resources Effective budgeting and staff resourcing is important for the effective implementation of the process so that the impact of the evaluation could be properly analysed. The staffs are extremely important stakeholders in the evaluation plan as they do the basic work of evaluation. In the present evaluation plan the third party service providers will be involved where there will be at least 20 staffs that will be taking care of the evaluation program. On the other hand the staffs of the department of human resources will have supervisory staffs working in the evaluation program for the effective application of the project. A group of 10 medical professionals will be used for the program which would help to get real time information about the drug test trial and will help to make sure the insights are effective enough for the impact evaluation of the drug test trial applied on the 5000 respondents. Even though the cost of the entire measurement program has not been published but it could be said that for the two years of the drug test trial application on the job seekers living under welfare payment will be approximately US$85000. This will include the remuneration and funds for the other key services provided by the medical professionals, the remuneration of the other supervisory staffs and the payment to the third party service providers (Dy and Purnell, 2012). Overall it could be said that this is likely to include the rehab and intervention programs of the job seekers addicted to drugs as well. (Specify the funding and human resource capacity for the evaluation. Include materials, travel, external evaluators etc.) e(Insert additional rows as necessary) Evaluation Staff Roles and Responsibilities The core team of evaluation will be responsible to apply the evaluation procedure on the respondents in this case 5000 job seekers who are living under welfare payments. It is important to note that the main role of the Accountable officer that is the head of the evaluation team is to manage the team members of the core evaluation team and allocate suitable roles to each and every member of the team. The evaluation team members are extremely important in the context of the program evaluation since they are responsible to collect the sample of the respondents for the drug test namely like the sample for the Ice test, hair follicle samples, urine sample and saliva tests and bring them to the respective Medical professional for the effective completion of the program. The third party service providers are allocated the job of constantly doing the tests and also to observe the samples for observation results and the Human resource supervisory staffs will be responsible for the overall su pervision of the entire evaluation program. Hence to conclude it could be said that the different groups of employees if doesnt do their respective work the project wouldnt be successful as it will not get the desired result from the evaluation program (Jones et al., 2013). (Identify the roles and responsibilities of the Evaluation Team members) Time Schedule (What are the major timelines, key activities and milestones for the evaluation?) Major milestones Due date Consultation with Evaluation Services regarding support and approval process for the evaluation 1st month of the starting of the project. Jan 2018 Program Logic Model (or evaluation framework) generated February 2018 to April 2018 Evaluation Governance Group established with endorsed Terms of Reference May to June (2018) Draft Evaluation Proposal presented to Evaluation Governance Group for feedback June to August (2018) Evaluation Proposal endorsed by Evaluation Governance Group August to September (2018) Evaluation Proposal approved by Evaluation Steering Committee September to October (2018) Consultant contracted (if applicable) or Evaluation Team appointed Progress Report to Evaluation Steering Committee (October to November (2018) Data gathering and analysis complete November to March (2018-2019) Progress Report to Evaluation Steering Committee March to May (2019) Draft Evaluation Report presented to Evaluation Governance Group for feedback May to June (2019) Draft Evaluation Report endorsed by Evaluation Governance Group June to August (2019) Final Evaluation Report approved by Evaluation Steering Committee August to October (2019) Brief with any recommendations to the Policy and Performance Committee with any recommendations October to January (2019-2020) (Insert additional rows as necessary) References Brinkerhoff, R.O., Brethower, D.M., Nowakowski, J. and Hluchyj, T. eds., 2012.Program evaluation: A practitioners guide for trainers and educators(Vol. 2). Springer Science Business Media. Dusetzina, S.B., Higashi, A.S., Dorsey, E.R., Conti, R., Huskamp, H.A., Zhu, S., Garfield, C.F. and Alexander, G.C., 2012. Impact of FDA drug risk communications on health care utilization and health behaviors: a systematic review.Medical care,50(6), p.466. Dy, S.M. and Purnell, T.S., 2012. Key concepts relevant to quality of complex and shared decision-making in health care: a literature review.Social science medicine,74(4), pp.582-587. Jones, K.J., Skinner, A.M., High, R. and Reiter-Palmon, R., 2013. A theory-driven, longitudinal evaluation of the impact of team training on safety culture in 24 hospitals.BMJ Qual Saf, pp.bmjqs-2012. Kris-Etherton, P.M., Akabas, S.R., Bales, C.W., Bistrian, B., Braun, L., Edwards, M.S., Laur, C., Lenders, C.M., Levy, M.D., Palmer, C.A. and Pratt, C.A., 2014. The need to advance nutrition education in the training of health care professionals and recommended research to evaluate implementation and effectiveness.The American journal of clinical nutrition,99(5), pp.1153S-1166S. Luce, B.R. and Elixhauser, A., 2012.Standards for the economics evaluation of health care services. Springer Science Business Media. Oleske, D.M., 2014.Epidemiology and the delivery of health care services. Springer. Posavac, E., 2015.Program evaluation: Methods and case studies. Routledge. Taylor, M.J., McNicholas, C., Nicolay, C., Darzi, A., Bell, D. and Reed, J.E., 2013. Systematic review of the application of the plandostudyact method to improve quality in healthcare.BMJ Qual Saf, pp.bmjqs-2013. Venable, J., Pries-Heje, J. and Baskerville, R., 2012, May. A comprehensive framework for evaluation in design science research. InInternational Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems(pp. 423-438). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.